• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) of an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders (2), with at least one cooling jacket (3) and at least one coolant extraction channel (5) extending over a plurality of cylinders (2) in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head (1) with the cooling jacket (3) in the region of at least one cylinder (2) via at least one connecting channel (4) is fluidly connected, wherein the coolant extraction channel (5) in the region of at least one outlet end (7) has at least one outlet opening (6). In order to allow a simple adjustment of the flow cross-sections of the cooling chambers of individual cylinders, it is provided that at least one separating device (9) is arranged in the coolant extraction channel (5), which longitudinally in the region of at least one cylinder (2) in at least one of the coolant extraction channel (5) first subspace (10) and at least a second subspace (11) divides, wherein preferably first subspace (10) and second subspace (11) can be flowed through in different longitudinal directions.
    公开号:AT516150A4
    申请号:T50050/2015
    申请日:2015-01-27
    公开日:2016-03-15
    发明作者:Dieter Dipl Ing Fh Grillenberger
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders, comprising at least one cooling jacket and at least one substantially in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head extending coolant extraction duct, which is connected to the cooling jacket in the region of at least one cylinder via at least one connecting channel flow, the coolant extraction duct in the region at least one exit side Endings has at least one outlet opening.
    In the case of water-cooled cylinder heads for a plurality of cylinders, a uniform throughflow situation is generally desired for each cylinder. In this case, a minimum flow should be formed in order to avoid local vapor bubble formation. In particular, a short-circuit flow with cylinders close to the outlet should be avoided in the direction of the outlet opening since, as a result, too small quantities of coolant would flow over the combustion chambers of cylinders which are remote from the outlet. The tuning of the inflow and outflow sections of the cooling chambers of the individual cylinders is complex and is usually carried out by means of many iteration steps, wherein the cross sections between the coolant jacket and the coolant outlet are tuned. Occasionally, however, the cross-sections are reduced to a level at which there is a very great risk that the sand core required for the casting process will break during handling or casting of the cylinder head itself.
    The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to allow a simple adjustment of the flow cross-sections of the cooling chambers of individual cylinders.
    According to the invention, this takes place in that at least one separating device is arranged in the coolant withdrawal channel which divides the coolant withdrawal channel into at least one first and at least one second partial space in the region of at least one cylinder in the longitudinal direction. According to a variant of the invention, the first and second subspaces can be flowed through in different longitudinal directions.
    As a result, short-circuit flows of cylinders close to the outlet or their cooling jackets can be prevented and uniform mass flows can be achieved through the connection channels. This ensures optimal or demand-based cooling over all cylinders regardless of their position relative to the outlet opening of the coolant extraction channel.
    The separating device is preferably formed substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coolant withdrawal channel. It extends over at least one cylinder, preferably over at least two cylinders. For example, the separator may extend over at least half the length of the coolant extraction channel. In order to prevent a short-circuit flow of the cooling liquid between the cooling jackets of the outlet-side cylinders and the outlet opening, it is advantageous if the separating device is arranged at least in the area of the outlet-side end, wherein the separating device preferably starts from the outlet opening. Starting from the outlet opening here means that the separating device in the outlet-side region of the coolant-extraction channel takes its exit and leads away from it into the coolant-extraction channel. At least one connecting channel opens directly into the first subspace, while the outlet opening emanates from the second subspace. In one variant of the invention, connection channels terminate exclusively in the first subspace. The separating device causes the coolant coming from the cooling jackets of the outlet-side cylinders to flow through the connecting passages into the first sub-chamber and to flow in the first sub-chamber along the separating device against the main flow direction of the coolant discharge channel directed towards the outlet opening. In the region of the end of the separator which faces away from the outlet opening, the coolant flows from the first partial space into the second partial space, reversing the direction of flow, and merges with the coolant streams of the remaining cylinders. Finally, the combined coolant stream exits the coolant extraction channel through the exit port.
    A particularly simple production results when the separator is insertable from the outlet opening into the coolant extraction channel, preferably the separator is fixed by or integral with a connection flange adjacent to the outlet. By allowing the separator to be inserted into the cast or drilled refrigerant extraction channel also fine-tune the coolant flows afterwards.
    It is particularly advantageous if the separating device has at least one flow transition between the first and the second subspace.
    By virtue of the number, size and shape of the cross-sectional areas of the flow passages, the coolant flows of the cooling jackets of the individual cylinders can be tuned.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the separating device is formed by a preferably at least partially planar partition. The dividing wall may be curved or flat or curved in one section and in another section or in another section. be formed in other sections just. The partition may, for example, consist of sheet metal. In order to enable a correct fixing of the partition wall within the coolant withdrawal channel, it is advantageous if the coolant withdrawal channel has at least one guide groove formed substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coolant withdrawal channel, wherein preferably two guide grooves are arranged diametrically with respect to the longitudinal axis. For example, the partition can be positioned substantially "upright", ie in the direction of the cylinder axes.
    As an alternative to a dividing wall, provision may also be made for the dividing device to be formed by a tube. The tube is arranged inside the coolant extraction channel, wherein a first partial space is designed as an annular space and the second annular space forms the tube interior. In one variant of the invention, the tube is arranged concentrically inside the coolant extraction channel.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the non-limiting figures.
    It show schematically
    1 shows a known cylinder head in a plan view,
    2 shows the water spaces of the cylinder head in a section along the line II - II in Fig. 1,
    3 and 4 each show a cylinder head according to the invention in a plan view in a different embodiment variants,
    5 to 8 coolant discharge ducts in various embodiments, in each case in a section along the line V - V in Fig. 3,
    9 and 10 show a detail in each case of a coolant extraction channel including a separating device in a longitudinal section in various design variants,
    11 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a plan view in a further embodiment variant,
    12 to 14 a coolant extraction channel including separators in plan views in various embodiments and
    FIGS. 15 and 16 show a detail in each case of a coolant extraction channel and separating device in a longitudinal section in various design variants.
    Functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals in the embodiments shown in FIGS.
    Figs. 1 and 2 schematically show a cylinder head 1 of an internal combustion engine according to the prior art. The shown liquid-cooled cylinder head 1 for four cylinders 2 has at least one cooling jacket 3, wherein the cooling jacket 3 for each cylinder 2 flows through in the transverse direction. The coolant flows according to the arrow PI from the cooling chamber of the cylinder block, not shown, coming into the cooling jacket 3 of the cylinder head 1 and traverses it according to the arrows P2. Part of the coolant then flows into the cooling space of the cylinder block according to the arrow P3. Another part, for example, 10% of the amount of coolant flowing into the cylinder head 1 from the cylinder block flows through arrows P4 via at least one connecting passage 4 per cylinder 2 into a coolant exhaust duct 5 formed in the cylinder head 1, flows through it in a main flow P5 directed to the exhaust port 6 and leaves the coolant exhaust duct 5 according to the arrow P6 through an outlet opening 6 in the region of an outlet-side end 7 of the coolant extraction channel 5.
    The length of arrows P4 shown corresponds to the mass flows of the coolant. The longer the arrow, the higher the mass flow. It can be clearly seen that more coolant enters the coolant withdrawal channel 5 from the outlet next cylinder 2 than from the outlet distal cylinder 2. This results in a short-circuit flow of the coolant with cylinders 2 close to the outlet and thus an unequal flow distribution. Due to an elaborate adjustment with many iteration steps, flow cross-sections in the cylinder head and in the coolant extraction channel 5 have been fine-tuned up to now, although the risk of small cross-sections has existed. Too small cross sections, however, hinder the removal of vapor bubbles and involve the risk that the corresponding thinly dimensioned sand core breaks itself during handling or during the casting process.
    3 shows a cylinder head 1 according to the invention with a coolant extraction channel 5 extending over a plurality of cylinders 2, which is connected to the cooling jacket 3 in the region of each (in the range of at least one embodiment of the invention) cylinder 2 via at least one connection channel 4. The cylinder head 1 differs from the prior art shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in that a separator 9 formed by a partition wall 8 is arranged in the coolant extraction channel 5 in the region of cylinders 2 near the outlet. The separation device 9, in particular a longitudinal axis 9a of the separation device 9, is formed substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 5a of the coolant extraction channel 5 and divides the coolant extraction channel 5 in the longitudinal direction into at least a first subspace 10 and at least a second subspace 11. In the illustrated embodiment, first and second subspace 10, 11 permeable in different longitudinal directions. That is, for example, the coolant in the first subspace 10 flows in a direction opposite to the coolant in the second subspace 11. The separating device has a first end 9b and a second end 9c, wherein the first end 9b is arranged in the region of the outlet-side end 7 of the coolant discharge channel 5. The first part space 10 is closed in the region of the exit end 7 on the front side. The outlet opening 6 is arranged in the region of the outlet-side end 7 on the front side of the second partial space 11. In the exemplary embodiment, the separation device 9 extends over approximately half the length of the coolant extraction channel 5, that is to say over two outlet-side cylinders 2a. By the separator 9 short-circuit flows between the cooling jacket 3 of the outlet near cylinder 2a and the outlet opening 6 of the coolant discharge channel are prevented. The coolant coming from the cooling jackets 3 of the outlet side cylinders 2a flows into the first compartment 10 through the connection channels 4 and along the separator 9 opposite to the main flow direction P5 of the coolant extraction duct 5 facing the outlet opening 6. In the area of the second end 9c of the partition 9 facing away from the outlet 6, the coolant flows under Reversal of the flow direction from the first subspace 10 into the second subspace 11, merging with the coolant streams P4 of the remaining remote downstream cylinders 2b. Finally, the combined refrigerant flow P6 of the second subspace 11 exits the refrigerant discharge passage 5 through the exit port 6.
    A coordination of the distribution of the mass flows of the individual cylinders 2 can take place over the length LI of the separating device 9, or the ratio of the length LI of the separating device to the length L2 of the coolant withdrawal channel 5. If the separating device 9 does not extend to the outlet-side end 7 of the coolant discharge channel 5 and terminates the latter at the end, said adjustments can influence the flow behavior. For fine tuning of the mass flows, it is advantageous if the separating device 9 has as required a number of flow crossings 12 between the first subspace 10 and the second subspace 11, as shown in FIG. 4 is shown. The cross-sectional areas and the shape of the flow passages 12 may be different. By means of the number, the size, the position and the shape of the cross-sectional areas of the flow passages 12, the mass flows of the individual cylinders 2 and their distribution can be set very precisely.
    The partition wall 8 may be formed, for example, by a sheet metal or plastic part, which is arranged in the coolant discharge channel 5. In particular, an elastic material, for example spring steel, which is elastically prestressed in the coolant withdrawal channel 5 can be used as the material for the dividing wall 8. By way of example, Fig. 5 shows some possible profiles for the partition wall 8 elastically supported on the inner walls 5b of the refrigerant extractor duct 5. In order to enable easy positionally correct positioning and prevent twisting or twisting of the partition wall 8 in the refrigerant extraction duct 5, the edges 8a of the partition wall may be longitudinally slotted 5c of the coolant extraction channel 5 - during assembly - guided or - be stored during operation - as shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The longitudinal grooves 5c may extend over the entire length L2 of the coolant withdrawal channel 5 or only over parts thereof.
    The partition wall 8 is inserted into the axial direction from the open outlet-side end 7 of the example drilled or cast coolant-discharge channel 5 in the axial direction. To the coolant extraction channel 5 includes a fastened for example with screws 13 on the cylinder head 1 connecting flange 14 at. In this case, the partition wall 8 in the region of the first end 9b of the separator 9 may have an L-shaped mounting leg 8b which is clamped between the connection flange 14 and the cylinder head 1, whereby the partition 8 is fixed immovably and in the correct position in the axial direction. "L-shaped bent" here means, in particular, that the fastening leg 8b is oriented essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 9a of the separating device 9. Optionally, the mounting leg 8b may be centered in a recess 15 of the cylinder head 1 and / or via a centering pin 16 with respect to the mounting flange 14 to allow for unambiguous positioning (Figure 9).
    Alternatively, the partition wall 8 may also be integrally formed with the mounting flange 14, as shown in FIG. 10 can be seen.
    11 to 16 show embodiments in which the separating device 9 is formed by a tube 18 which is inserted from the open exit-side end 7 of the coolant withdrawal channel 5, wherein the tube 18 and the coolant withdrawal channel 5 can be formed concentrically. The tube 18 has a smaller diameter than the coolant withdrawal channel 5. The cross-sectional shape of the tube 18 can be arbitrary, such as round, oval or polygonal. The pipe 18, which is made, for example, of plastic or metal, separates the first subspace 10 from the second subspace 11, the first subspace 10 being formed as an annular space which concentrically surrounds the second subspace 11. The first subspace 10 is executed in the illustrated examples again in the region of the exit end 7 closed frontally.
    However, it is also possible to provide on the front side openings with a defined cross section, which in a connected to the flange 14
    Discharge line. At least one outlet opening 6 is arranged on the outlet-side end 7 on the front side of the inner second partial space 11. In the illustrated examples, the separating device 9 again extends over two outlet-side cylinders 2a, that is to say over half the length L2 of the coolant extraction channel 5. The coolant coming from the cooling jackets 3 of the outlet-side cylinders 2a flows in through the connection channels 4 into the annular first partial space 10 and along and outside In the region of the second end 9c of the separator 9 facing away from the outlet opening 6, the refrigerant flows from the outer first partial space 10 into the inner second partial space 11, reversing the direction of flow, and communicating with the coolant flows P4 the remaining outlet cylinder 2b combined. Finally, the combined refrigerant flow P6 of the second subspace 11 exits the refrigerant discharge passage 5 through the central exit port 6. As an alternative to a central mounting position, the tube 18 may also be arranged eccentrically in the coolant discharge passage 5. Analogesgilt for the position of the outlet opening. 6
    In the embodiment as a pipe 18, the separating device 9 may also comprise flow transitions 12 between the first subspace 10 and the second subspace 11, which may be formed, for example, by bores in the tube wall 18a. The flow passages 12 can be distributed over the entire circumference and over the entire length in the tube wall 18a (FIG. 12) or only on one side or in one region - for example on the side facing away from the connection channels 4 (FIG. 13) or on the connection channels 4 facing side (Fig. 14) may be arranged. The shape and diameter of the flow passages 12 are arbitrary.
    In the region of the second end 9c of the separating device 9, the end face 18b of the tube 18 facing away from the outlet opening 6 can be designed to be tapered normal to the longitudinal axis 9a or with respect to this longitudinal axis 9a. By the length of the tube 18, the number, the size of the cross-sectional areas, as well as the shape and location of the flow passages 12, a fine tuning of the coolant flows can be performed.
    The tube 18 in the axial direction inserted into this from the open exit end 7 of the example drilled or cast coolant discharge channel. To the coolant extraction channel 5 includes a fastened for example with screws 13 on the cylinder head 1 connecting flange 14 at. In this case, the tube 18 may have, in the region of the first end 9a of the separating device 9, a flange shoulder 18b which is clamped between the connecting flange 14 and the cylinder head 1, whereby the dividing wall 8 is fixed immovably and in axial alignment. By means of at least one centering pin 16, the tube 18 may be centered with respect to the cylinder head 1 or with respect to the mounting flange 14, respectively, to allow for unambiguous rotational positioning (Figure 15).
    Analogous to FIG. 10, however, the tube 18 can also be integrated into the connecting flange 14, whereby the centering can take place through the screw connection pattern in the connecting flange 14 (FIG. 16).
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1]
    CLAIMS 1. A cylinder head (1) of an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders (2), at least one cooling jacket (3) and at least one coolant discharge channel (5) extending in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder head (1) substantially over a plurality of cylinders (2) and connected to the cooling jacket (3) in the region of at least one cylinder (2) via at least one connecting channel (4) is connected, wherein the coolant discharge channel (5) in the region of at least one outlet end (7) at least one outlet opening (6), characterized in that in the coolant extraction channel (5) at least one separation device (9) is arranged, which divides the coolant extraction channel (5) in the longitudinal direction in the region of at least one cylinder (2) into at least a first subspace (10) and at least one second subspace (11).
    [2]
    2. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first part space (10) and second part space (11) can be flowed through in different longitudinal directions.
    [3]
    Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separating device (9) is formed substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (5a) of the coolant exhaust duct (5).
    [4]
    4. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the separating device (9) is arranged at least in the region of the outlet end (7), wherein preferably the separating device (9) emanates from the outlet opening (6).
    [5]
    5. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one connecting channel (4) opens directly into the first partial space (10) and the outlet opening (6) from the second part space (11) emanates.
    [6]
    6. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the separating device (9) is formed by a preferably at least partially planar partition (8).
    [7]
    Cylinder head (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the coolant exhaust duct (5) has at least one longitudinal groove (5c) substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (5a) of the coolant exhaust duct (5), preferably two guide grooves (5c) diametrically opposite the longitudinal axis (5c). 5a) are arranged.
    [8]
    8. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the separating device (9) by a tube (18) is formed.
    [9]
    9. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the separating device (9) from the outlet opening (6), starting in the coolant extraction channel (5) can be inserted, preferably vorwezugsweise the separating device (9) by an exit side to the coolant discharge channel ( 5) subsequent connecting flange (14) is fixed or integral with this.
    [10]
    Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the separating device (9) has at least one flow passage (12) between the first and the second sub-spaces (10, 11).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016120124A1|2016-08-04|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPH04943U|1990-04-17|1992-01-07|
    DE745596C|1936-01-07|1944-03-21|Hermann Schlagintweit|Device for cooling rooms arranged in series combustion chambers of internal combustion engines|
    JPS61107948U|1984-12-20|1986-07-09|
    JPS6282348U|1985-11-11|1987-05-26|
    JPH0510203A|1991-02-12|1993-01-19|Isuzu Motors Ltd|Cylinder head made of aluminum|
    GB2335483A|1998-03-19|1999-09-22|Ford Global Tech Inc|Method and apparatus for cooling an engine using exhaust gas|
    JP4124009B2|2003-04-10|2008-07-23|いすゞ自動車株式会社|Cylinder head structure of internal combustion engine|
    JP4119833B2|2003-12-25|2008-07-16|本田技研工業株式会社|Exhaust manifold integrated engine cooling structure|
    JP2009002265A|2007-06-22|2009-01-08|Toyota Motor Corp|Cooling structure of internal combustion engine|
    JP5958149B2|2012-07-24|2016-07-27|スズキ株式会社|Cylinder head of water-cooled engine|US10015987B2|2015-07-24|2018-07-10|Rai Strategic Holdings Inc.|Trigger-based wireless broadcasting for aerosol delivery devices|
    FR3069286B1|2017-07-18|2019-08-02|Psa Automobiles Sa|CULASSE WITH DOUBLE WATER CORE|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50050/2015A|AT516150B1|2015-01-27|2015-01-27|CYLINDER HEAD OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|ATA50050/2015A| AT516150B1|2015-01-27|2015-01-27|CYLINDER HEAD OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE|
    PCT/EP2016/050986| WO2016120124A1|2015-01-27|2016-01-19|Cylinder head of an internal combustion engine|
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